Urban sprawl , also called sprawl or suburban sprawl , the rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns, often characterized by low-density residential housing, single-use zoning , and increased reliance on the private automobile for transportation. Urban sprawl is caused in part by the need to accommodate a rising urban population ; however, in many metropolitan areas it results from a desire for increased living space and other residential amenities. Urban sprawl has been correlated with increased energy use, pollution , and traffic congestion and a decline in community distinctiveness and cohesiveness. During the period of economic prosperity in the United States following the end of World War II , increased manufacturing output and new federal loan programs allowed many American citizens to purchase single-family homes and private automobiles.

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Urban Sprawls Poster Childs Grows Up - Atlanta - Georgia (GA) - Page 7 - City-Data Forum
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Perth's urban sprawl affecting sex life of plants
Australian cities week. All images are from his series. Facebook Twitter Pinterest. Parklea, north-west Sydney.



September 20, A Perth researcher is using CSI-style paternity testing in the lab to track pollen and measure how much the urban sprawl is affecting plants ability to reproduce. Perth's famous urban sprawl is causing trouble for trees and plants that depend on birds and other animals to spread their pollen. Alison has tracked pollen carried by birds across city suburbs — a process she describes as being like a detective conducting a CSI-style paternity test in the lab. The ecologist collected seeds and leaves from banksia trees and used genetic testing to determine the mother and father of individual seeds, so she can find out how far birds are moving pollen between plant populations.